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Colombia

República de Colombia, Republic of Colombia

Last modified: 2006-03-11 by dov gutterman
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[Flag of  Colombia] (2:3)
image by Željko Heimer, 20 May 2001


Official Name: Republic of Colombia (República de Colombia)
Capital: Bogota (Santafé de Bogotá)
Location: South America
Government Type: Republic
Flag adopted: 26 November 1861
Coat of Arms adopted: 6 August 1955
ISO Code: CO



See also:

Other sites:


The National Flag

According to [pay00] - National flag (CSW/-S- (2:3)) - Regarding the yellow stripe, the Album approximation gives it as Pantone 135c. Some other sources also agree that the shade of Colombian yellow is different from the shade used by Ecuador and Venezuela (notably Shipmate Chart and [zna99]). However, converting the given Pantone to RGB gave by my software one colour that I'd call buff, much similar to the colour used in Album as the background, and certainly not very yellow. I chose this light yellow shade to represent the Colombian yellow. Hopefully this is not much mistaken, and anyway, it serves only to show the difference from the other two Nueavagranadan yellows.
Željko Heimer, 16 May 2001

I must say that some colours given in album 2000 seem quite strange. Pantone 135 is NOT yellow but it is buff and nothing else, you are right. Yellow shades in [zna99] are the same for all three states, blue is different.
Ralf Stelter, 17 May 2001

I agree, in next corr. it will be changed to Pantone 116C.
Armand du Payrat, 17 May 2001

On page 207 of [zna99] is so as Ralf Stelter say , but when taking a look at page 128, here blue is different, indeed, but yellows are distinctly different. However, Colombian is here darker then the other two. Also in Shipmate chart, now when I look at it in daylight, the Colombian yellow seems darker then the other two, but the difference is not so obvious.
Željko Heimer, 17 May 2001

In National flags and distinctive markings - Change Nr 1 [pay01] - Yellow shade changed on all flags (116c / C0-M15-Y95-K0 instead of 135c / C0-M20-Y60-K0)
Ivan Sache, 8 October 2001

The presidency of Colombia has issued a campaign to promote national unity against violence and for peace. The campaing exhorts colombians to hoist their flag permanently outside their homes, workplaces, cars, etc. All the info (not much, indeed) is at this site <www.presidencia.gov.co>.
Guillermo Tell Aveledo Coll, 24 April 2002

I found the CMYK codes for the Colombian flag. I don't know if whether they're official, but I found them on the Colombian President's office website, so they could be. Here they are
Yellow: C:0, M:10, Y:100, K:0
Blue: C:100, M:70, Y:0, K:0
Red: C:0, M:100, Y:90, K:0
Source: <www.presidencia.gov.co>.
Carlos A Leiva, 30 July 2002

Album [pay01] has slightly different values, given there as approximate:
Yellow: C:0 - M:15 - Y:95 - K:0
Blue: C:100 - M:70 - Y:0 - K:30
Red: C:0 - M:90 - Y:80 - K:0
Ivan Sache, 5 August 2002

Though indeed Colombia's flag has a "darker" shade of yellow than Ecuador and Venezuela it is slightly lighter than the one depicted in your page. If you ignore the "shadow" effects, the shade of yellow in the flags of the new rendition of the Coat of Arms (rather than a new coat of arms per se) is the proper shade.
Jaime Vengoechea, 6 January 2003


Meaning of the Colors

Editorial Note: We present the most popular interpretations of the colours of the flag, but it is also our duty to make the difference between "official explanations", if any and general belief. There is, as a rule, no inherent meaning of colours except in rare cases where the exact meaning is mentioned in the legislation.

Two interpretatons:
1. The yellow symbolizes sovereignty and justice; the blue nobility, loyalty and vigilance; and the red valor, honor, generosity and victory achieved at the high cost of bloodshed.
2. Yellow: universal liberty; blue: the equality of all races and social classes before God and the law; Red: fraternity
Source: Alfred Znamierowski's World Encyclopedia of Flags, 1999.
Phil Nelson , 28 Febuary 2000

As a very popular Colombian kids song says....
YELLOW is our gold
BLUE is our vast seas (oceans)
and RED is the blood that gave us our freedom... (from Spain)
S.C, 6 December 2000


Legislation

The decrees 861 of 1934, issued by the national government feeling President of the Republic the Senior General Pedro Nel Ospina and the doctor Enrique Olaya Herrera respectively, contain dispositions over the flag and the national shield. To the continuation, transcribed is the pertinent part of the flag.

Decree No. 861 of 1934 (May 17)

Article 1-The Flag--flag and standard of the Republic of colombia, contains yellow, blue, and red, distributed en three horizontal bands, of which the yellow, placed in the upper part, will have the same width to the middle of the flag, and the other two in equal bands to the forth part of the total, having the blue in the center.

Article 2-The merchant flag of colombia will be in accordance with the established decree number 309 of 1980, three meters long by two wide; it will bring in the center a shield in an oval shape, in blue background, circled by a zone of red velvet of 5 centimeters wide, and a white star in the center, with 8 rays in 10 centimeters in diameter. The axes of the oval, inside the blue background, are of 40 centimeters the bigger, and the 30 the smaller.
Paragraph-This will be the flag that one puts in use in the boats of the colombian navy and in the accredited legations and Consulates outside of the country.

Article 3-The flag of war in use in the Army, will be 1.30 meters long, by 1.10 meters wide, for the standing army; the standard, for the mounted arms, will be a meter long by one meter wide. These flags will have in the center the shield of Arms of the Republic, marked in a circumference of red velvet of 5 centimeters wide and 40 centimeters in diameter in the exteriorpart, within which it will be written, in gold letters, the name of the body (corps) of troops for which it represents.

Decree No. 62 of 1934 (January 11)

208-The flag of war in use in the Army will be, after the law, 1.35 meterslong by 1.10 wide for the mounted arms (cavalry). These flags will have in the center a shield of Arms of the Republic, inside an oval of red wool-cloth, in which it will be written, in embroidered letters of gold, the name of the body (corps) of the troops or military divisions for which it represents.

209-The flag with shield will only be used for the armed corps of the Nation.

210-The national flags that are raised in the barracks, public buildings, merchant ships, fortresses, etc. will be able to have more or less the same dimensions and won't have the shield.
Vincent , 25 October 1997


Use of Flags

In Colombia, people (private citizens) are supossed to fly or show (i.e. from the window) the national flag on national holidays, so it is safe to suppose that a lot of private citizens own flags.  Recently, several campaigns had tried to promote the use of the flag anytime, so you can actually walk down a residential street and see flags flying from the doorposts.
The flag is supposed to be the national flag:  The Y-B-R horizontal tricolor with yellow 1/2 in height, without any defacements and any length (customary it should be 2:3 but there is nothing in the law spacifying the lenght of the national tricolor; the law is clear on the civil ensign).  However, flying the state flag by private citizens is not uncummon (the state flag is the one with the Coat of Arms on a white circle, bordered in red, when is not the presidential flag or it stands for a military unit, the inscription on the red border is usually "REPUBLICA / DE COLOMBIA").
The law says that only the president and the military units may fly flags with CoA, but as far as I know, nobody is enforcing the law preventing private citizens to use such flags.  I even dare to say that most small flags, those designed to "fly" on a pole standing over a table in, say, a school classroom, have the Coat of Arms on it.
And, of course, everytime the national soccer team plays, and mainly when it wins (and some time for other sport events) you will see the Colombian flag everywhere.  Including those colombian flags with the name of the country in white over the blue stripe, or defaced with the logo of the Colombian Football Federation, or even defaced with the logo of certain beer brand.
Carlos Thompson, 24 March 2003

After observation I am sure that the only flag that flies on land (on poles or on buildings) in Colombia is the plain Y-B-R 2:1:1 horizontal tricolor.  Flags with the Coat of Arms (on a white circle, fringed red, with a legend on the border) are reserved for indoor use (and usually fringed), and almost all indoor flags do use the Coat of Arms, not only those of the President and the Military.
Carlos Thompson, 9 January 2004

Flag with Coat of Arms (?)

Yesterday, I saw in TV news the US secretary Colin Powell (in Bogota???) speaking in front of two flags, US national and Colombian state (?) flag: it was identical to the presidential flag (white circle with CoA and red margin with yellow inscription, possibly "REP..." in the in upper edge and "COLO..." in the lower one). However, I see no reason to use presidential flag as a symbol of nation during this kind of ceremony. So - isn't it the true state flag of Colombia?
Jan Zrzavy, 6 December 2002

Jan's post led me to this page with extensive extracts from Colombia's flag and coat of arms laws <www.businesscol.com>.  It doesn't clear up the issue of the possible state flag, but does contradict what we have on the Coat of Arms
Joe McMillan, 6 December 2002

Regarding the use of the coat of arms in the flag, presidential decreeb #1967 of 1991 -you can find it in this link: <www.presidencia.gov.co> - settled this long-standing issue, by limiting the use of the coat of arms to only two flags: -The President's flag -War flags. Now, in Mr. Powell's visit he was inside the presidential palace, and there the use of the president's flag is atmitted. The National Flag is without coat of arms as is correctly stated in your page.
Jaime Vengoechea, 6 January 2003

Flag with Inscription


image by Francisco Gregoric, 28 Febuary 2003

The description of this flag of the Colombians in Ecuador was made by Jaime Vengoechea from Bogota, Colombia. He says this flag is used in Football (Soccer) Stadiums in Ecuador, and the Colombian Community of Ecuador uses it too.Jaime also told us that taxi drivers in Bogota sometimes use the same kind of flag.
Francisco Gregoric, 28 Febuary 2003

Yes, indeed I described this flag but I want to warn you about it's use:
1. Some Colombians in Ecuador use it, specially in the context of soccer games between Colombia and Ecuador, where of course a matter of proportions won't help people tell who you support.
2. It could also be seen during the last world cup, where if you recall Colombia did not compete but Ecuador did.
3. The taxi dirver version would be a hand-held flag of I guess 20 by 10 cm.
4. None of these uses are official
5. And it is not a widesprad use.
Francisco is probably aware of the practice in Argentina of writing messages on the white stripe, that range form "Marado sos dios" to things no one understands. Some flagmaker in Colombia propbably thought it would be worthwhile to make this sort of flag industrially.
We should be careful about labelling this the "flag of colombians in Ecuador" nor of the "Colombain Community in Ecuador" , since its use is far from widespread, and I think most colombians in Ecuador would not feel identified with such a flag. The true nature of this flag is one used abroad, particularilly in Ecuador, usually in a context where there woudln't be clarity as to what nation that flag is to represent. And as little flags to put on the window of the taxi. And various other spontaneous uses.
Jaime Vengoechea, 2 March 2003

The commercial use of the flag has been very common with the Colombian flag in football matches.  For some time, a brewery has been sponsoring the Colombian Football Team and in the stadiums they give people Colombian flags with the logo of one of their beer trade marks, so when people is flying the flag to hail the team they are, at the same time, advertizing the brewery.
Carlos Thompson, 2 March 2003

Vertical Flag


image by Eugene Ipavec and Željko Heimer, 25 August 2005

Photos that were taken during Colombia's Independence Day parade on July 20th, 2005 in Bogotá, the country's capital, show the Colombian flag on a vertical manner.
E.R., 25 August 2005

Flag with Cravat


image by Eugene Ipavec, 4 March 2006

Here is version of the Colombian official flag with cravat on the top of the of the flag pole.
Source: Picture taken from the Colombian newspaper El Tiempo on January 26, 2006.
E.R., 4 March 2006


The Cockade


image by Eugene Ipavec, 6 January 2006

This is the Colombian tricolor, cockade version.. I've seen it at special parades. The design is similar to the cockade of the Cartagena State (1811-184). The only differences is the color composition.
Source: Photo at Ministry of National Defense official website.
E.R., 6 January 2006


Flag Macaw

The parrot Ara macao (in English: macaw; in French: ara) is known in Colombia as guacamaya bandera. The epithet bandera  recalls that the bird has the same colours as the national flag.   However, on the images of the macaw I have found, the colours seem to be arranged, from top to bottom, as red-yellow-blue instead of yellow-blue-red in the flag. Well, it is not said that the bird "wears" the national flag!   I guess the same name can be used in neighbouring Ecuador and Venezuela.   Here is image as an example.
Source: Guide du Routard <www.routard.com>.
Ivan Sache, 26 December 2004