Last modified: 2003-06-07 by dov gutterman
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All this flags are constructed according to specifications
from Lucien Philippe. I will comment about the diferences with
the ones from Montells/Romanischin.
Jaume Olle, 31 August 2001
Generically speaking, a Hetmanate was a Cossack realm under
the authority of a Hetman, who was the head of state, commander
in chief of the Cossack army, and head of the entire
administrative, judicial, and military apparatus (see <www.uanews.tv>).
However, in post-WWI terms it was a German-backed Ukranian state,
according to <www.buckyogi.addr.com>:
"The Ukraine declared itself autonomous in November of 1917,
and declared its independence in January of 1918 after invasion
by the Red Army. The UNR [Ukrainian National Republic] was
unstable, and had great difficulty in maintaining the territory
it claimed against intrusion by Bolshevik, White Russian, and
Cossack factions. Its problems were magnified when a
German-backed government called the Hetmanate claimed control of
the Ukraine in April, 1918. The population's disgust with this
continued chaos led to the uprising of the anarchist Greens. The
UNR managed to finally suppress the Hetmanate in December of
1918, and annexed West Ukraine the following month, triggering
war with the new state of Poland, which pushed back Ukrainian
forces and annexed the region in June of 1919. These continuing
pressures forced the collapse of the UNR, which fell to Bolshevik
forces in the summer of 1920."
The term Hetman might derive from German "Hauptmann" or
(field) captain (*not* general), at least that is what <www.geocities.com/unavy/aUNRnavy.html>
-which also contains some flag-related information (in a
questionable English...) says:
"Ukrainian Navy during Hetmanate 1918 - Remacably 29th of
April was also the day when a coup-detat occured against UNR and
Hetmanate (Monarchy) was proclaimed. Hetmanate was the term used
by the cossacks meaning generalship (hetman - haupt man in ger. -
general). Pavlo Skoropadsky was proclaimed to be the hetman and
with the support of the German Armies as his allies became the
ruller of Ukraine. This caused the "Hit Corps" to be
recalled from Crimea, which was overruned by the German
trooops. With communications lost with Kiev, vice-admiral
Sablin with some ships retreved to Novorossijsk, while other
ships had changed their flags again to fly the Imperial Kaisers
banner. Only after the communications were re-established, the
navy was handed over to the Hetman. During the reign of hetman
Skoropadsky a lot was done for navy. The newly established
Minnistry of Naval Affeirs developped a series of laws regulating
the uniform, ranks, flags and other symbols. At the same time
officers manuals were being translatted into Ukrainian and other
instructions. For the first time since Ukrainian Idependence
names of the ships were changed from Russian to Ukrainian.
Towards November 1918, Hetmanate also received Mozyrsk (Pinks)
flotylla which also used to be in the hands of the Germans.
Because of German losses in the war, they began to withdraw from
Crimea and their place was soon replaced by the ships of Antate.
Since Hetman Ukraine was supporter of the Tripple Alliance, the
Antante considered them as possible enemies they occupied the
ships and started to divide them among themselves as war
throphies and transfered some of the ships to Istambul."
Santiago Dotor, 12 May 2003
Standart of the hetman of Don and Kuban (in use May 1918),
Swallow tail. According Lucien Philippe the trident don't have a
cross. (I believe that the flag was without cross before May and
it was added in May 1918)
Jaume Olle, 25 August 2001
Standart of the Hetman of Ukraine, Don Host and Kuban Host.
The single difference with Montells is that he said that the
trident is black. (and he picture it black) but I believe that he
was wrong at least here.
Jaume Olle, 31 August 2001
Hetman personal standart (as hetman, not as a state head).
Jaume Olle, 25 August 2001
The image posted before (from Montells) is a simplification of
the true design according Phillipe. The flag (always according
Philippe) was 16:19 with the design pictured in my Gif but within
a light blue disk gold bordered. In background of the disk are
the arms of a yellow cross paté (like Wallis) and in each corner
of the cross: 1) sun with eyes etc..., 2) half moon (points to
the fly), 3) half moon with face and 4) five pointed star (the
four devices in yellow). The backgorund color is dark red
(crimsom).
Jaume Olle, 31 August 2001
Blue over yellow. In the center a blue rectangle bordered gold
containing the trident (Gold and without the cross).
Jaume Olle, 25 August 2001
This one not pictured neither quoted by Montells.
Jaume Olle, 31 August 2001
Both have equal picture.
Jaume Olle, 31 August 2001
Montells only say that Hetman also utilized this standart.
Phillipe say that it is the standart of the hetman as Admiral of
the fleet. Montells give the tridents black and Philippe say
golden. The canton trident in Philippe has cross and the one from
montells doesn't have.
Jaume Olle, 31 August 2001
Hetmans representatives in Crimea, Kuban and Orient, personal
standart. Montells atributed this flag to the Hetman in this
territories. Fimbriation according Montells is blue-yellow and
according Philippe blue-white. same differences in trident in
canton (without cross in Montells) and color (both trident black
in Montells)
Jaume Olle, 31 August 2001
Standart of the male members of the hetman family who have
title of Admiral general (not quoted neither pictured by
Montells).
Jaume Olle, 31 August 2001
Hetman's Wife (not quoted neither pictured by Montells).
Jaume Olle, 31 August 2001
Princes of the Hetmna's family (not quoted neither
pictured by Montells).
Jaume Olle, 31 August 2001
Princess of the hetman's family (not quoted neither
pictured by Montells).
Jaume Olle, 31 August 2001