Last modified: 2003-01-18 by ivan sache
Keywords: kurdistan | soran | ararat | crescent (white) | mountain | disc (red) | disc (yellow) | southern kurdistan |
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The first Kurdish state was the Emirate of Soran, proclaimed in 1816 and ended in 1835.
Jaume Ollé, 01 October 1997
With the division of the Ottoman
Empire at the end of First World War, the Kurds expected
independence (like the Arabs and Armenians), and the 1920 Treaty of
Sèvres provided for this. Turkey never ratified the treaty,
and it was replaced by the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne, which made no
mention of Kurdish independence.
Turkey did give up all non-Turkish areas lost in the war, and the
Vilayet of Mosul was temporarily awarded to the multi-racial (Arab
and Kurdish) state of Iraq. This decision
was supposed to be revisited in 25 years, but no international body
has done so. In 1922, Mahmoud Barzandji, governor of Mosul,
proclaimed himself King of Southern Kurdistan (i.e. northern Iraq).
This flag seems to have been quite forgotten by subsequent Kurdish nationalist movements (or deliberately ignored due to its Turkish connection). In 1923-24 the British mandatory power in Iraq regained control of Kurdistan.
T. F. Mills, 27 September 1997
The flag of the Kingdom was green with centered red circle and within the circle a white crescent pointed to fly. The royal standard was the same flag with royal crown.
Jaume Ollé, 01 October 1997
The flag is shown in two sources
T. F. Mills, 25 November 1997
The Republic of Ararat existed between 1927 and 1931 in the Northeast of Turkey.
Jaume Ollé, 4 October 1997