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Socialist and Communist Parties (Brazil)

(with less than 25 seats in Congress)

Last modified: 2006-02-05 by joe mcmillan
Keywords: brazil | political parties | socialist party | communist party |
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Partido Comunista Brasileiro (PCB)

Brazilian Communist Party

[Brazilian 
Communist Party] image by Guillermo Tell Aveledo

Typical communist party with a typical communist flag: red with a large hammer and sickle centered and the initials PCB below.
Jorge Candeias, 7 June 1999

The remnant left behind when the main portion of the old (pro-USSR) Brazilian Communist Party became the Popular Socialist Party (PSS) in 1993. Did not win any seats in 1998 Congressional elections.
Joseph McMillan, 16 April 2001


Partido Comunista do Brasil (PC do B)

Communist Party of Brazil

Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB) image by Jorge Candeias

Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB) image by Jorge Candeias

Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB) image by Guillermo Tell Aveledo

Another communist party, with a somewhat original communist flag--original in having the hammer and sickle within an oval or circular ring. The version with the oval ring is based in an animated image found in the party site. The version with the circular ring and the name of the party in an arc below is the result of my interpretation of chapter I, title I of the party's regulations, which read:

Article 3 - The emblem of the Communist Party of Brazil - PC do B - is composed of a hammer and a sickle, crossed, symbolizing the alliance between the working class and the peasants, on the field of a circle, under which is inscribed in a quarter of an arc the name Partido Comunista do Brasil.
Jorge Candeias, 7 June 1999

I've spotted the flag with white letters and initials on cable TV (on the Sistema Brasileira de Televisão) during the 2000 presidential campaign.
Guillermo Tell Aveledo, 18 September 2000

The PCdoB split from the main Brazilian communist party, the PCB, in 1958 after Nikita Khrushchev condemned the crimes of Joseph Stalin.  The PCdoB took a Maoist orientation, then shifted its allegiance to Albania when China began economic reforms and finally abandoned foreign models altogether when Albania overthrew communist rule in 1992.  The PCdoB maintains a hard line Marxist-Leninist agenda and has a substantial presence on university campuses.  It won 7 seats in the Chamber of Deputies in the 1998 elections.
Joseph McMillan, 15 April 2001


Partido Comunista Marxista Leninista (PCML)

Marxist-Leninist Communist Party

[Marxist-Leninist Communist Party (Brazil)] image by Guillermo Tell Aveledo

Not represented in Congress.
Joseph McMillan, 16 April 2001


Partido Popular Socialista (PPS)

Popular Socialist Party

[Popular Socialist Party (Brazil)] image by Guillermo Tell Aveledo

Variant Flag

Variant 
Flag of Popular Socialist Party (Brazil) image by Jorge Candeias

Ex-communists that decided to change their name after the fall of the Berlin Wall. In the party sites, two versions of the logo and flag where found: red with white letters and red with yellow letters. . Following the tradition of communist flags, the second is more probable, but one can never know. The situation of the Brazilian communist parties is quite confusing, since this party seems to have emanated from the PCB which, however, keeps existing.
Jorge Candeias, 9 June 1999

The PPS is the main successor of the original Partido Comunista Brasileiro (Brazilian Communist Party). The party was renamed in 1993 when a party congress decided to drop Marxist-Leninist doctrine.  At the same time the hammer and sickle were removed from the party flag.  The PPS elected three deputies and one senator in 1998.
Joseph McMillan, 16 April 2001


Partido Socialista Brasileiro

Brazilian Socialist Party

[Brazilian Socialist Party] image by Guillermo Tell Aveledo

The flag of the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB) shows the logo of the party, which is a dove of peace.

The PSB is strongly leftist but more pragmatic than the PT.  It won 19 Deputies' and 3 Senate seats in 1998.
Joseph McMillan, 16 April 2001


Partido Socialista dos Trabalhadores Unificado (PSTU)

United Socialist Workers Party

[United Socialist Workers Party (Brazil)] image by Guillermo Tell Aveledo

This one looks like a far-left party, small as they usually are all over the place. I found an image on their website that has a "flaggy" character. If this image corresponds to the flag, then it's a red flag with the initials in yellow covering nearly all the field.
Jorge Candeias, 9 May 1999

No seats in Congress.
Joseph McMillan, 16 April 2001


Movement of Landless Rural Workers

Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais sem Terra (MST)

[MST-Movement of 
Landless Rural Workers] image by Guillermo Tell Aveledo

From the a website of the Movement of Landless Rural Workers, a Brazilian movement of landless rural workers that has been occupying non-productive lands belonging to big landowners for several years now.
Jorge Candeias, 23 August 1999

Description of the MST flag from the movement's website:

During the IV National Meeting of the MST, held in January 1987 in Piracicaba, São Paulo, the selection and official approval of the flag of the Movement of Landless Rural Workers took place. The flag is a symbol of the national character of the fight for agrarian reform. Let's see the significance of the drawings and colours that compose our flag:
    The map of Brazil represents that the MST is an organization of national scope and wishes to take the fight for agrarian reform to the whole country.
    The man and the woman represent the need to engage men and women and whole families in the struggle.
    The cutlass represents the tools of work, struggle, and resistance. [The word is facão. While "knife" in Portuguese is faca, the Brazilian facão is a very large knife similar to a cutlass.--Trans.]
    The color white represents the peace for which we fight, which can only be won when there is social justice for all.
    The color red represents the blood that flows in our veins and the will to fight for agrarian reform and for the transformation of society.
    The color black represents our mourning and our tribute to all the workers who have already fallen fighting for a new society.
    The color green represents the big latifundia we have to occupy and turn productive. And the hope that our fight will be victorious in each occupied latifundium.

So I'd say it's definitely a left-wing movement. It also must be explained that in some areas of Brazil the latifundia are on average larger than several European countries, and I'm not referring to Liechtenstein or Monaco!
Jorge Candeias, 27 August 1999

Not really a party in the proper sense of the word, but a major left-wing political presence.
Joseph McMillan, 16 April 2001